Artificial intelligence surpasses young employees in software creation and telephone service centers
In a significant development, researchers at Stanford University have conducted a study on the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the job market. The study, which is the first on a broad scale to conclude that AI is noticeably affecting the employment landscape, used data from the payroll processing service ADP, ranging from 3.5 to 5 million workers per month.
The study found that, besides software developers and customer service, young workers are also strongly affected by AI in professions such as marketing, administration, data entry, reporting, and call center jobs. The overall employment of 22- to 25-year-olds in jobs heavily infiltrated by AI software has decreased by six percent. This decrease is particularly evident in the employment of 22- to 25-year-old software developers, which has decreased by one-fifth since the end of 2022.
However, it's important to note that the study did not exclude the possibility that other factors may be involved in the observed employment trends. The researchers acknowledge that the ADP data does not fully reflect the structure of the U.S. economy and that the exact numbers in the study could also be influenced by other factors.
Interestingly, in sectors with little AI use, young worker employment has increased by around nine percent. Contrastingly, the number of older workers also increased in sectors with high AI use. This suggests a potential shift in the job market, with older workers possibly filling the roles vacated by young workers in AI-heavy sectors.
The researchers used estimates from the AI firm Anthropic to determine the type of AI use in an activity. It's crucial to understand that AI has basic knowledge from training, but not the experience gained from longer practice of a profession. This underscores the need for human intervention and the importance of a balanced workforce in sectors heavily reliant on AI.
The study did not fully account for the training levels of employees, with only a fifth of employees being trained in AI. This is a significant gap that could potentially impact the future of employment in AI-heavy sectors.
Customer service, including call center jobs, is another heavily affected sector besides software development. The study did not specifically focus on the creation or loss of jobs in the IT sector. Employment in healthcare sectors is growing across all age groups, suggesting that the impact of AI on the job market may not be uniform across all industries.
The researchers tried to account for possible distortions from the business cycle or job cuts after a rapid increase in jobs at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, they emphasise that more research is needed to fully understand the long-term implications of AI on the job market.
In conclusion, while the study provides valuable insights into the impact of AI on the job market, it also underscores the need for further research and a balanced approach to the integration of AI in the workforce.
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