Carrier crab transporting sea urchin on its shell for safety observed in astonishing footage.
In the vast, diverse underwater world, one of nature's most common symbiotic relationships unfolds between carrier crabs and the red urchin, also known as the Astropyga radiata. This fascinating partnership, often referred to as a consensual relationship, provides protection and mobility for both parties.
Carrier crabs, commonly known as "urchin crabs," are frequently found with sea urchins as a shield. These crustaceans have two back legs adapted for grasping objects, making it easy for them to hold onto the spiky bodies of sea urchins. In return, the sea urchins benefit from the crab's mobility and cleaning services.
The Astropyga radiata is easily identifiable due to its bright, eye-catching colours. Its orangey star-fish-shaped top and linear blue dots make it stand out among its marine peers. This mobile sea urchin, also known as the fire urchin or blue-spotted urchin, is not fatal but its venom can cause intense pain.
Harilaos Lessios, a researcher at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, made a surprising discovery about the Astropyga radiata. He found that the sea urchin's genome reveals striking similarities to humans. This finding opens up possibilities for future research, particularly in the field of bone regeneration. Sea urchin spines, for instance, might help treat bone fractures.
This symbiotic relationship extends beyond the protection and mobility it provides. Clusters of Astropyga radiata can form, creating a habitat for other marine life. Cardinal fish, for example, frequently use sea urchins as a makeshift habitat. The behaviour of other sea urchin species, being carried by carrier crabs, allows them to find new feeding grounds.
Despite its defensive role, the Astropyga radiata is not just a tool for the carrier crab. It is also a defence mechanism against predators. By carrying the sea urchin, the crab deters potential threats, ensuring its own survival.
This remarkable relationship between the Astropyga radiata and carrier crabs is just one of many examples of nature's intricate web of life. It serves as a reminder of the beauty and complexity that lies beneath the ocean's surface.
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