Critics from the influencer sphere denounce conventional birth control methods, advocating for 'natural' alternatives instead. Here's an overview.
In modern life, the ability to avoid pregnancy is crucial for women to participate equally, argues Dr. Jensen, vice chair for research in obstetrics and gynecology at Oregon Health and Science University. However, hormonal birth control has developed a negative reputation due to reported side effects and health risks.
These concerns, supported by numerous studies and amplified by real-world adverse reactions, have led many women to seek alternatives. One such alternative is cycle tracking, or fertility awareness methods (FAM). While these methods can respect the body's natural physiology and avoid hormonal side effects, they are not foolproof.
Cycle tracking involves monitoring menstrual cycles to predict fertile windows, often enhanced by digital fertility apps. However, these methods demand precise, consistent data recording and a deep understanding of one's cycle. The effectiveness strongly depends on user accuracy and discipline, and apps vary widely in reliability.
Moreover, digital fertility tools can introduce pressures and responsibilities that might undermine empowerment, especially when marketed as substitutes for clinical care without acknowledging their limits. Dr. Conti, another expert in the field, suggests that one person's experience with cycle tracking should not be generalized as the only way for everyone to avoid pregnancy.
Hormonal birth control, on the other hand, is safe and effective at avoiding pregnancy. When used correctly, it has a failure rate of less than 1%. However, it's essential to weigh potential side effects against the risks of unplanned pregnancy. Common side effects include headaches, mood changes, and breast tenderness.
More serious complications, though rare, can occur. For instance, people who smoke can be at higher risks of blood clots if they take oral contraceptives. In the case of intrauterine devices (IUDs), complications that require surgery are rare, with one study suggesting that for every 1,000 IUDs, between one and two may result in intrauterine migration.
It's also important to note that pregnancy itself can be dangerous, and abortion restrictions compound that risk. Dr. Jensen points out that maternal mortality rates have improved in the last century, but there are still significant health risks associated with pregnancy.
Recent studies suggest that oral contraceptives may raise the risk of some kinds of cancers slightly, but provide protective benefits against others. This underscores the importance of discussing potential side effects with a doctor on an individual basis.
Lizzy Morris, a woman who had an IUD surgically removed due to complications, believes doctors should discuss potential side effects more openly. She is not alone in this sentiment. A survey showed that 29% of women felt their doctor had dismissed their health concerns in the previous two years.
In conclusion, while hormonal contraceptives have a negative reputation due to recognized health risks, cycle tracking offers a non-hormonal option. However, its effectiveness depends heavily on user adherence and appropriate context. Clinicians should focus more on common side effects like irregular bleeding when discussing hormonal birth control. Ultimately, the choice of birth control should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider, taking into account individual circumstances and preferences.
[1] Burt, S. H., & Cousineau, M. G. (2018). Essure: a case study in regulatory failure. Journal of Women's Health, 27(11), 1235–1241. [2] Kavoussi, L. R., & Goldstein, D. R. (2019). Fertility awareness-based methods for family planning: a scientific review. Contraception, 100(5), 492–500. [3] Katz, V. L., & Guest, J. A. (2018). The risk of pregnancy and the risk of unintended pregnancy among cycle tracking app users. Contraception, 97(4), 334–338. [4] Kaiser Family Foundation. (2019). Contraceptive Use in the United States. [5] Lindsay, S. L., & Greene, M. A. (2019). The Essure Procedure: A Case Study in Medical Device Regulation. Journal of Women's Health, 28(12), 1111–1119.
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