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In a significant discovery, a new study has revealed a substantial decrease in the mortality gap between people living with HIV and the general population over the past two decades. The study, conducted by researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, was carried out at 13 U.S. sites participating in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD).
The research team compared 5-year all-cause mortality between adults entering HIV clinical care between 1999 and 2017 and a matched subset of the U.S. population. The persons in the general population were matched to those in NA-ACCORD by calendar time, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and county of residence.
The study found that the difference in mortality decreased over time. It was 11.1% among those entering care between 1999 and 2004, but this figure dropped to 2.7% among those entering care from 2011 to 2017. Notably, this decrease was observed across all demographic subgroups studied.
Interestingly, the decrease in mortality was more pronounced among non-Hispanic Black people than non-Hispanic White people. This finding underscores the importance of tailoring HIV care strategies to address the unique needs and challenges faced by different racial and ethnic groups.
The authors attribute this improvement in life expectancy to advances in care and treatment, new guidelines indicating earlier treatment, greater engagement in care, higher levels of viral suppression, a trend toward linking persons with HIV to care earlier in the course of infection, and evolving patient characteristics in the cohort over time.
The study used data from the National Center for Health Statistics, providing a comprehensive and reliable basis for its findings. The authors of the study, including May MT, Yang S, and Braithwaite RS, hope that their findings will contribute to ongoing efforts to improve HIV care and reduce mortality rates further.
This study offers a promising outlook for people living with HIV, demonstrating that with continued advances in care and treatment, it is possible to significantly reduce mortality and improve life expectancy.
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