EU issues alert for potential widespread GPS signal disruptions
In recent months, the number of spoofing sources from the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad has significantly increased, rising from three in February to a staggering 29 in August. These sources, capable of reaching up to 400 kilometers, potentially pose a threat to regions like Berlin and Brandenburg, according to reports.
This trend has sparked concern among several countries involved in the EU agenda initiated by Lithuania, including Lithuania itself, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, and Finland. These nations have been affected by GPS jamming and spoofing near the Russian border and Kaliningrad exclave. Known cases of GPS disruptions in the EU have been reported particularly in Lithuania, Bulgaria (although the authenticity of the Bulgarian incident is still under investigation), Estonia, and Poland.
The increased disruptions have taken a toll on farmers in Lithuania, with GPS-guided equipment being affected, resulting in economic losses.
Reports suggest that large ships have refused to enter the port of Klaipeda due to manipulated GPS signals, causing stress for pilots. Moreover, a study by Polish researchers indicates that ships sailing in the eastern Baltic have been responsible for massive disruptions of satellite navigation systems since at least the end of 2023.
Lithuanian Foreign Minister Keštutis Budrys has accused Russia of violating its international obligations and has called for the imposition of tougher sanctions and international action by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The incidents are not isolated, Budrys asserts, but sustained, targeted actions that threaten civilian air, sea, and land traffic, as well as critical infrastructures.
The GPS disruptions are part of a long-term strategy, according to Lithuania's message. A device known as the "Baltic Jammer," located in the former Konigsberg and primarily targeting air traffic, is believed to be involved in these disruptions.
To combat these disruptions, necessary measures include improved monitoring, targeted training, and investments in resilient technologies. Lithuanian authorities are offering more training for landings under conditions of GPS disruptions. Diplomatic efforts should also be made to compel Russia to comply with international law.
Recognizing the severity of the issue, Lithuania has placed the issue of GPS disruptions on the EU agenda, calling for a collective response. The Lithuanian Communications Regulatory Authority RRT documented over 1000 Lithuanian flights and 33 ships affected by navigation signal disruptions in August alone.
The incidents highlight an already known threat: apparent Russian interference in satellite navigation. The disruption of Ursula von der Leyen's plane is a clear illustration of this threat, as described by Budrys. The GPS problems over Estonia were evident from the analysis of the original ADS-B data (Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast).
In conclusion, the escalating GPS disruptions in the Baltic region pose a significant threat to civilian and commercial traffic, as well as critical infrastructures. It is crucial for the international community to take collective action to address this issue and ensure the safety and security of all parties involved.
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