Globally, Lifespans are Increasing, and the Difference in Life Expectancy Between Men and Women is Decreasing
A new study, published in PLOS ONE, has grouped countries into five clusters based on trends in mortality over the last 30 years. The research, conducted by David Atance of Universidad de Alcalá, Spain, and colleagues, provides valuable insights into the historical and future evolution of mortality convergence groupings.
The study, which used new statistical approaches to analyse data from the United Nations Populations Division records, aimed to determine whether there is convergence or divergence towards a unique pattern of mortality and longevity across countries. The researchers analysed not only life expectancy at birth but eight other mortality indicators.
The clusters roughly represent the five continents and are predicted to fall into five mortality and longevity guideline clusters, although the specific countries assigned to each cluster are not detailed in the available information. The authors expanded their model to include projections of the expected future evolution of these groupings, predicting that the trends observed from 1990 to 2020 will continue into the future.
The life expectancy is increasing in all convergence clubs and countries, and the male-female gap in mortality is shrinking in all convergence clubs and countries. The clusters follow different trajectories but share commonalities such as longer life expectancies and fewer disparities between genders.
The study's findings contribute to the ongoing discussion about the convergence or divergence towards a unique pattern of mortality and longevity across countries. The authors' approach provides new insights into the historical evolution of mortality convergence groupings from 1990 to 2020.
The study also found that several countries changed clusters between 1990 and 2010, often due to wars and deleterious socio-economic and political conditions. The study's predictions provide useful information for policymakers and public health officials regarding future trends in mortality and life expectancy.
The study's findings suggest a continuation of the trends observed from 1990 to 2020 into the future. The authors' approach allows for a better understanding of the historical and future evolution of mortality convergence groupings.
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