Identifying and Managing the Spread of Black Swallow Wort
In several regions of Germany, including Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, and Thuringia, a new invasive species has been spotted - the Black Schwalbenwurz. This plant, which blooms from June through late summer, is easily recognisable by its deep purple and almost black flowers with a yellow centre, growing in clusters.
Early detection of Black Schwalbenwort is crucial in controlling its growth. If left unchecked, this invasive species can quickly spread, causing harm to native ecosystems.
Mowing Black Schwalbenwurz is less effective and will not fully eradicate it. However, cutting it back before seeds form can help reduce dispersal. Pulling it out by the roots several times a year is another method that can help control its growth, but care must be taken when handling seed pods to avoid dispersal. These pods, about two inches (5 cm) long and smooth, resemble those on native milkweed.
Disposing of Black Schwalbenwurz is also important. It is recommended to dispose of it in the landfill, not in yard waste. Never plant Black Schwalbenwurz, as it is an invasive species in many regions.
Foliar herbicides can be effective against Black Schwalbenwurz, but it's essential to check with your extension office for recommendations and instructions for safe application.
Black Schwalbenwurz can be found growing in various habitats, including shady wooded areas, woodland edges, and disturbed areas such as along fences, roads, and ditches. Keep an eye out for this invasive species and take steps to control its growth to protect native ecosystems.
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