Old Age Residency: Compatibility, Advantages, and Perils
Aging in place, a method for older adults to live at home instead of moving into a residential care facility, can offer several benefits. This approach may help an older adult maintain independence longer, providing continued autonomy, familiar surroundings, social connection, lower cost, and protection from infections.
However, aging in place is not without its challenges. The most significant barrier may be a person's home, especially if it lacks features like a step-free entrance, a bedroom and bathroom on the first floor, and accessibility features in the bathroom. Home modifications to make a home aging-ready can be costly, but financial support may be available through various sources. The National Institute on Aging recommends considering personal funds, available federal and state assistance programs, and private financing to prepare for the costs associated with aging in place.
Social isolation and loneliness in older adults may increase the risk of health conditions such as dementia and stroke. People who age in place may need home-based support from formal and informal caregivers. Regular reassessment of a person's care needs as they age is important to ensure their safety and well-being.
Falls are a common risk for older adults, and about 1 in 10 falls cause a serious injury such as a bone fracture or traumatic brain injury. Installing handrails, fixing uneven walkways, and arranging for necessary support can help reduce this risk.
Aging in place may also present unique challenges for certain groups, such as LGBTQ+ older adults. These individuals may have smaller support networks and be more likely to experience financial and health-related challenges when aging in place. Increased training and cultural awareness among healthcare professionals and caregivers could help reduce stigma and health disparities in LGBTQ+ communities.
People who live in areas without accessible public transportation may experience higher levels of social isolation and loneliness. Accessibility is a responsibility of institutions, not just individuals, and a lack of consideration for accessibility can be an extension of ableism.
The authors of a 2023 study suggest that policymakers and care providers must increase their understanding of diversity in older adults to better plan for and address their care. Aging in place may increase a person's quality of life, life satisfaction, and self-esteem if they have access to necessary support and services.
It is recommended to plan for aging in place before the need for extensive support from others becomes necessary. This may involve considering home modifications, financial planning, and arranging for caregiver support.
In the European context, the 2021 Ministry of Health has proposed a range of measures for preparing for aging in one's own home for elderly people and those in need of care who live at home, as well as their relatives and caregivers who receive comprehensive support and relief in household care settings.
Ultimately, aging in place can be a rewarding and fulfilling experience for many older adults. With proper planning, support, and care, older adults can maintain their independence, dignity, and quality of life in the comfort of their own homes.
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