Shifting landscapes in Germany: Exploring the impact of increased migration on hopes and conflicts
In the heart of Europe, Germany has witnessed a transformation in its demographic landscape, with over 25 million people, or a quarter of its population, having a "migration background". This significant shift, triggered by events such as the influx of migrants in 2015, has left an indelible mark on the country.
A prime example of this diversity can be seen in the mosques of Syria's Anas Abu Laban's homeland. The 2,500 mosques in the country have become more diverse, reflecting the multicultural tapestry that now characterises Germany.
This transformation has not been without controversy. Friedrich Merz, the current leader of the CDU, has implemented a more stringent migration policy, reversing some of Angela Merkel's policies. His changes include stricter border controls, tougher residency and citizenship rules, and even the deportation of migrants to Taliban-ruled Afghanistan.
This policy shift has been evident in schools, such as those in Salzgitter, where over 70% of pupils have a migration background. Many of these students do not speak German, posing challenges for education.
However, not all stories are of struggle. Hala, a 16-year-old Syrian student, has improved her German skills to the point where she now speaks it with her cousins and has started to forget Arabic a little. Her story is a testament to the resilience and adaptability of migrants in Germany.
Bonita Grupp, a factory owner, has hired nearly 70 migrants, offering them housing, German lessons, and training. Her commitment to integration is not uncommon, with many businesses in Germany recognising the value of a diverse workforce.
In Hamburg, the Kurt Koerber Gymnasium serves an area where 85% of the population are from immigrant backgrounds. The school, like many others, is adapting to meet the needs of its diverse student body.
Angela Merkel, who famously declared "wir schaffen das" (We can do this) as columns of desperate people walked towards Germany in 2015, later took the decision to keep the Austria border open, eventually letting in over one million asylum seekers.
The influx of migrants has not been without its challenges. Tempers can flare in the crowded space of Tempelhof airport due to language barriers and overcrowding. Each prefabricated unit in the airport contains four beds, tables, and lockers, all packed into 12 square meters.
Despite these challenges, many migrants have found success in Germany. Malakeh Jazmati, a Syrian restaurateur, is a successful immigrant, having started a catering business and opening a popular restaurant in Berlin.
However, the influx of migrants has also fuelled resentment among the local population, with around 44% of migrants receiving social benefits. This, coupled with the fact that nearly two-thirds of refugees who came in the 2015 wave had jobs by 2022 but many migrants have yet to find work and are four times more likely to be jobless than the rest of the population, highlights the need for continued efforts in integration and job creation.
In an effort to address these challenges, cities like Salzgitter have received significant funding for infrastructure. In 2019, Salzgitter received 50 million euros for building two schools and three nurseries.
The story of migration in Germany is complex and multifaceted, with both challenges and successes. As the country continues to adapt to its changing demographic, the future remains uncertain but full of potential.
