Sleep Apnea's Impact on Mental Health due to Obstruction
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that impacts an average of one billion people worldwide, indicating a high prevalence in the global population. This condition causes your breathing to be suspended while you sleep, leading to a multitude of symptoms and potential health complications.
One of the strongest links to sleep apnea is genetics. Genes that structure the shape of your face and skull can lead to sleep apnea later in life. Premature birth may also increase the possibility of experiencing OSA later in life.
Limited physical activity and obesity are risk factors for OSA. Regular alcohol consumption and smoking may indicate sleep apnea symptoms. Frequent drinking and smoking can contribute to worsening OSA. Limiting alcohol consumption, quitting smoking, exercising more, and using a humidifier with anti-inflammatory oils can help manage sleep apnea symptoms. Sleeping on your side instead of your back can also help reduce sleep apnea.
OSA disrupts your sleep, leading to poor sleep quality, which can result in depressed mood, increased stress, and higher anxiety. Untreated sleep apnea may increase the odds of having anxiety, depression, severe psychological distress, and even suicidal thoughts. The mental distress of untreated sleep apnea is linked to psychological distress.
Snoring loudly, pauses in breathing during sleep, frequent waking, feeling unrested, waking up gasping for air, headaches, dry mouth, and sore throat are symptoms of sleep apnea. If you suspect sleep irregularities, talk with your doctor. A healthcare professional may refer you for overnight polysomnography, a procedure where vitals are monitored while you sleep. In-lab polysomnography is the most accurate way to diagnose OSA, but at-home tests are also available.
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard treatment for moderate or severe OSA. This device streams oxygen and other elements to keep the airway open during sleep. CPAP machines can significantly improve mental and physical health when used consistently.
A decrease in the neurotransmitter serotonin is associated with both OSA and depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a type of depression medication, may be a good treatment option for OSA, particularly for those with epilepsy.
Early detection and treatment of sleep apnea can improve mental and physical health, making it crucial to address any suspected sleep irregularities promptly.
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